Activating and Deactivating Groups In Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
Quick summary on what we’ll talk about today, on activating and deactivating groups in electrophilic aromatic substitution: There’s a lot to this post, so here’s
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution – The Mechanism
Last post in this series on reactions of aromatic groups we introduced activating and deactivating groups in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS). We learned that electron-donating
Read moreThe Mesomeric Effect And Aromatic Amines
We’ve seen that several key factors influence the basicity of amines – charge, resonance, inductive effects, pi donor / pi acceptor behavior, hybridization and even
Read moreAre these molecules conjugated?
If Org 2 has an overall theme, it’s “resonance”. Today’s post has a very simple message. Atoms with lone pairs, π bonds, radicals, and carbocations can
Read moreExploring Resonance: Pi-Donation
You’d think after five or six posts on resonance, that would be enough. But NO, friends, it just keeps going. I promise that today’s post
Read moreIn Summary: Resonance
Four key factors that determine the importance of resonance forms in organic chemistry are: Rule #1: Minimize charges Rule #2: Full octets are favored Rule
Read moreCarbonyl Chemistry: 10 Key Concepts (Part 1)
The weaker the base, the better the leaving group. Electron withdrawing groups make the carbonyl more electrophilic. Electron donors make the carbonyl *less* electrophilic. Carboxylic acid derivatives always protonate on carbonyl first. Steric bulk slows down reactions.
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