Reduction of aromatic nitro groups to amino groups

Description: Nitro groups can be converted into amino groups by treatment with a reducing agent such as palladium on carbon with hydrogen gas (Pd/C, H₂), zinc metal with acid, or tin (Sn) with acid.
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Notes: For our purposes there are no important differences between these reagents; they are all effective.

Examples:

Notes: 

Mechanism: For the purposes of Org 1 / Org 2 the mechanism of these reactions is not that important.

For more information consult “March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry” by March and Smith for more detailed discussion of these reactions.

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