Reactions of Diazonium Salts

Description: Treatment of diazonium salts with various reagents leads to formation of a new bond to the aromatic ring and loss of nitrogen (N₂).
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Notes: See below for the full range of reagents that can be used; this reaction can be used to introduce Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, F, and H, which makes it very useful.

Examples:

Notes: Reactions that involve Cu salts are sometimes called Sandmeyer reactions.

Mechanism: The mechanism of these reactions are somewhat complex and beyond the scope of a typical introductory course. The reactions of copper halides (Sandmeyer reactions) are thought to proceed through free-radical intermediates.

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